A Short Note On Buddhism Essay - 1053 Words

Final Term Paper Buddhism Have you ever wondered how meditation, kindness, and suffering can help you reach true peace? Today, I will be informing you on how these concepts as well as a few others play an important role in reaching none other than, Nirvana. What I am going to be discussing is one of the great Asian philosophical and religious traditions, Buddhism. Those who practice Buddhism believe that life goes on and on in many reincarnations or rebirths. The eternal hope for all who practice Buddhism is that through reincarnation one comes back into successively better lives; until one achieves the goal of being free from pain and suffering and not having to come back again. This wheel of rebirth, known as Samsara, goes on forever until one achieves Nirvana. The Buddhist definition of Nirvana is the highest state of spiritual bliss, as absolute immortality through absorption of the soul into itself, but preserving individuality. Birth is not the beginning and death is not the end. This cycle of life has no beginning and can go on forever without an end. The ultimate goal for every Buddhist, Nirvana, is to accomplish total enlightenment and liberation. By achieving this goal, one can be liberated from the never-ending round of birth, death, and rebirth. Transmigration, the Buddhist cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, does not invol ve the reincarnation of a spirit, but only the rebirth of a consciousness containing the seeds of good and evil deeds. BuddhismShow MoreRelatedLions Roar Mandala Tibetan Buddhist Meditation Dharma Center1079 Words   |  5 Pagessegment was short since hardly anyone had a question, or pitching in their two cents. The meeting concluded with another prayer. According to in-class lectures, Buddhists are not polytheistic, nor monotheistic. Their ultimate goal is Nirvana, or being liberated from the physical world, reaching enlightenment. 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Employee Relations Pair Report Free Essays

Executive Summary The purpose of this report is to examine the impact of employee relations in the workplace. An American furniture company – Furniture-Co is planning on opening six new stores across the South West of London, employing 800 people. In order to write this report for the Chief Executive it is necessary to investigate the employee relations system in Britain and to make recommendations about which system of employee voice should be used in the new stores. We will write a custom essay sample on Employee Relations Pair Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now As per the policy in their American stores, it will be necessary for Furniture-Co to set up an employee forum which each of the stores will send two employees to represent the store. Any issues of concern can be raised on a monthly basis. There will also be weekly team meetings in each of the stored to keep paths of communication open, so that employees can be kept up to date on business performance as well as allowing an open forum for views, questions and concerns. The main reason why the Chief Executive wishes this report to be carried out is to make recommendations as to an appropriate and effective system of employee voice to be implemented as this is key to employee relations within the UK. Introduction In order to complete this report it is necessary to investigate a number of factors and issues which will be raised in part one which will give an overview into the British employee relations system. This will include the historical role of the system and how trade unions have come to have such important in the employee relations system. It is important to the rest of the report that these issues be investigated and evaluated as this is the information which needs to be disseminated before the discussion can take place in part two. Part two of the report will take the form of a discussion and evaluation of any proposed arrangements would work. It will be here that recommendations for implementation will be made to the Chief Executive of Furniture-Co. There will be a discussion with regards to any proposed employment policies and how employee voice can be used to appropriately communicate any concerns, views and questions about the organisation and its strategy. It would also be necessary to evaluate how well trade unionisation would work in the new stores and to make recommendations according to these. Part one: Overview of the British employee relations system Part one of this report gives an overview of the British employee relations system and how it affects organisations through the trade unionisation of the employee. The main topic which will be discussed is employee voice and how this affects all of those involved in the employee relations process. However, before this can be discussed it is necessary to provide a background to the historical role of trade unions and how they manage the employee relations system. It is also vital to discuss the trends in union density and collective agreement as well as evaluating the key causes and influences which account for the trends in union density. Once this has been completed, it will be required to have a discussion of the evaluation and to make recommendations to how Furniture-Co can take this process forward. Historical role of trade unions in the management of employee relations Employee relations is a term which replaced the term industrial relations. It is the relationship between employers and employees and has become extremely important in the non-industrial employment relationships within the field of human resource management. Theory would dictate two distinct concepts – the definition of human resource management which includes employee relations and the concept that employee relations deals with non-unionised workers. Kaufman (2008) believes that many academics regard trade unionism as a core subject in the field of employee relations. The concept of employee relations as field of study began as being rooted in the industrial revolution thus the name – industrial relations. . It has created the modern day global employment relationship which has initiated the free labour market. Many labour problems arose at the period of time due to social and economic changes, long hours and low wages with dangerous working conditions led to high work er turnover, social instability and strikes. The study of industrial relations was born out of a problem solving generation which rejected the theories of the time. Kaufman (2008) believes that the field of employee relations is in decline and that there are numerous reasons for this decline. The most important reason can be seen as steady erosion in the union density of many countries. The study of employee relations is important to how trade union and labour relations are examined. Industrial relations in the 1960’s and 1970’s was notorious for disputes and walkouts, so much so that it was a problem which had been identified as weakening the UK’s economic power. The economic situation in the 1980’s and 1990’s changed the field of employee relations with recession, restrictive legislation and organisational restructuring. Trends in union density and collective agreement It is important to investigate the trends which have been prevalent in union density and collective agreement before a discussion can take place into Furniture-Co and the employee voice. It is important to investigate the long term trends in trade union membership. According to Brownlie (2011) in 2011 there were around 6.4 million employees who were members of trade unions in the UK. This figure was down by 143 thousand in 2010 and was the fourth annual consecutive fall. This has followed stability in trade union membership levels between the years of 1995 and 2007. The trade union density in the UK for employees had fallen in 2011 by 0.6 percentage to 26% in comparison to 2010. This meant that the total number of employees in the UK fell by a percentage of 0.3 down to 24.9 million. There had been a downward trend from the years 1995 to 2011, identifying a decline in 1995 from 32.4% to 29.8% in 2000 to 28.6% in 2005. In comparison to the long term trends it is necessary to identify trade union members in the public and private sectors. This membership showed a rise in 2011 by 450 thousand to 2.5 million. This figure had sharply fallen in the previous three years. Public sector memberships had fallen in 2011 by 186 thousand to 3.9 million. This figure had been stable over the previous six years. The membership density of the trade union rose in 2011 by 0.2% points to 56.5% but those non-members fell at a sharper rate than union members. It is also necessary to understand the personal characteristics of union density. It would seem, according to Brownlie (2011) that there is a higher density of female members for the tenth successive year. Most professional occupations are higher than those who come under the category of managers, directors and senior officials. In the UK those employees of UK nationality is higher than non-UK nationals. Evaluation of key cause or influence accounting for these trends Brownlie (2011) identifies that the membership of trade unions peaked in 1979 and declined quickly throughout the 1980’s and early 1990’s. A stabilisation of the figure was identified in the mid 1990’s and this trend continued. There is evidence, according to Brownlie (2011), that there has been a decline in the last couple of years. The identification of falling trade union membership in the UK from 1989 to 2011, can account for these trends is the churn of the workforce as older employees retire and younger employees enter the workforce. This can be seen in the figures from the 1990’s to 2007 were particularly stable levels of trade union membership amongst the employees and those in employment. Another cause can be seen as the effects of recession on the membership of trade unions. The recession of 1989 – 1992 and the current recession shows that membership has fallen but figures fell significantly more in 1989 – 1992. Figures which have been identified by Brownlie (2011) show that the decline in membership between 1989 – 1992 was 1.7 million while the current recession (2008 – 2011) has shown a fall of 7% with 482 thousand. Current levels of union density in London It is important to discuss the current levels of union density in London. This is important to this report as Furniture-Co wish to expand their business in London by six retail units so there would be a need to cover this in the report to the Chief Executive. Region wise, London has one of the smallest density in the UK. London and the South West have the lowest density (London – 20.6%, South West, 20.7%). Within the UK membership levels have declined in England by 535 thousand, while Scotland (95 thousand), Northern Ireland (17 thousand) and Wales (8 thousand). London has density levels of under 25%. Overall trade union presence has fallen, with Wales having the largest percentage of employees with a trade union presence. London also had the smallest collective agreement coverage at 24.2%. Part two: Discussion and evaluation of how well the proposed arrangements would work This part of the report will look at the evidence which has been presented and to evaluate and discuss the proposed arrangements. Within this context it is necessary to understand the concept of employee voice and how this impacts on the performance of the organisation as a whole. There has been numerous studies undertaken on union and non-union voice, these can be seen in the academic work of Benson (2000), Dundon et al (2002), Gollan (2001), Lloyd (2001) and Pettinger (1999). The voice of the employee has been challenged through recognition and representation from the unions. There is a massive gap between the actual and desired level of employee representation and the gap has been narrowed due to the growth of non-union as well as the direct forms of employee representation. Freeman Medoff (1984) state that the union is a mechanism which is key to the improvement of performance of the employee, that it has the ability to stabilise the workforce and reduces inequality in the economy. However, through the focus of human resources management and its successful emergence has placed more emphasis on the sharing of information, employee participation and collective decision making, according to Benson (2000). In addition, Guest (1987) believes that the role of unions is unnecessary and ambiguous with the emergence of human resource management practices. In this context, Furniture-Co need to make recommendations through the use of employee voice but it is dependent on the representation which it wishes to use. The necessary identification of a union or non-unionised employee voice is applicable and should be further investigated. There would be benefits to both voices but these should be managed according to the business environment. Employee voice should be defined as the ability to express complaints/ grievances and the ability for the employee to participate in the organisational decision making process. The ability of the voice to take a joint role in consultation allows both the employer and employee to recognise the necessity of the performance of the employee. If Furniture-Co is to be successful it is implicit that the voice of the employee cannot and should not be ignored. Furniture-Co has already acknowledged the need for employee voice but it is how this voice will be best perceived within the organisation and how it can be taken forward. The recognition of the voice of the employee can affect the performance of the employee through their quality of production and it could also help counter problems which may arise. Dissatisfaction which can arise in the organisation could be directly resolved through employee voice. It has been established that dissatisfaction and employee turnover (Spencer, 1986) has been directly related to how the employee is empowered by their voice. If an employee can voice their opinion they are more likely to remain in their current position. Recommendations which can be made to the Chief Executive in relation to employee voice would be the suggestion that they attempt to keep it non-unionised. Once unions are involved there can be complex issues with HR policies and wages etc. Such issues which could be made are the pay rates, the pension scheme, hours of work, and training. However, with these issues there a generous package which includes a higher than average starting wage of ?8.50 an hour (?2 more than the average), all staff having access to the pension scheme, a standard 37.5 hours per week working hours and all staff will be provided with training at the start of their employee with further opportunities. As far as non-unionised employee voice can be identified, this seems to be the approach which would be favoured by the organisation as it is already set up in their American stores. Joint Consultative Committees are one form of this process which would be beneficial to the organisation due to the fact that the stores would send two representatives to the monthly meeting to air any grievances or successes which they have identified. This also allows for collective bargaining within the organisational context. Conclusion: It is important that any suggestion for employee voice can allow the employee to voice their opinion in a transparent environment. In order to use this effectively within Furniture-Co, it is necessary that trade unions are kept out of the organisational process. As this organisation is private sector, there is no obligation in the UK for the organisation or its employees to join a union. If the organisation adopts the policy of non-unionisation one major flaw may be that there is no outside authority to lend their advice to any internal disputes. These disputes may be handled appropriately within the organisation it may sometimes be better to have an outside body to help control any disputes which may break out. The Chief Executive has expressed that the model they wish to follow would send two employees from each store to a monthly meeting and this could be better operated through non-unionised employee voice. References Abbott, B., (2004) Worker Representation through the Citizens’ Advice Bureaux, in Healy, G., Heery, E., Taylor, P., Brown, W., (eds.) The Future of Worker Representation, Palgrave Benson, J., (2000) Employee Voice in Unions and Non-Union Australian Workplaces, British Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 453 – 459 Brownlie, N., (2011) Trade Union Membership, Available online http://www.bis.gov.uk/assets/biscore/employment-matters/docs/t/12-p77-trade-union-membership-2011.pdf, [Assessed on 4 December 2012] Daniels, K., (2006) Employee Relations in an Organisational Context, CIPD Diamond, W., Freeman, R., (2003) Young Workers and their Willingness to Join Trade Unions in Gospel, H., Wood, S., (eds.) Representing Workers: Trade Union Membership and Recognition in Britain, Routledge Dundon, T., Wilkinson, A., Marchington, M., Ackers, P., (2002) The Meaning and Purpose of Employee Voice, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 15, No. 6, pp. 1149 – 1170 Freeman, R.B., Medoff, J.L., (1984) What Do Unions DoBasic Books Guest, D.E., (1987) Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 503 – 521 Kaufman, B.E., (2008) The Original Industrial Relations Paradigm: Foundation for Revitalising the Field, in Whalen, C.J., (ed.) New Directions in the Study of Work and Employment: Revitalising Industrial Relations as an Academic Enterprise, Edward Elgar Publishing Kersley, B., Alpin, C., Forth, J., Bryson, A., Bewley, H., Dix, G. Oxenbridge, S. (2006) Inside the Workplace: Findings from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey, Routledge Lloyd, C., (2001) What do Employee Councils DoThe Impact of Non-Union Forms of Representation on Trade Union Organisation, Industrial Relations Journal, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 313 – 327 Noon, M., Blyton, P., (2007) The Realities of Work, Palgrave Pettinger, R., (1999) Effective Employee Relations: A Guide to Policy Practice in the Workplace, Kogan Page Spencer, D.G., (1986) Employee Voice and Employee Retention, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 488 – 502 Appendices Appendix One: Meeting Log Appendix One: Meeting Log Team NumberDate of Meeting (Monthly/ Day) Meeting LocationNo of Group Members All Members Must Sign off to Verify Attendance. Each Delegate Should Sign in the Boxes Below Month One/ Date Sign BelowMonth Two/ Date Sign Below Month Three/ Date Sign BelowMonth Four/ Date Sign Below Month Five/ Date Sign BelowMonth Six/ Date Sign Below How to cite Employee Relations Pair Report, Essay examples

Automotive Industry Logistics and Supply

Question: Discuss about theAutomotive Industry for Logistics and Supply. Answer: Introduction: Logistics Supply Lexus has taken a more centralized approach to handle the inbound logistics network so that they can influence the carmakers purchasing decisions. The company tries to focus on the smooth production flow. The management has implemented Just-in-Time approach in all the manufacturing plants in order to make strict scheduling of all the deliveries. The company has also implemented low inventory pull system to boost up demand for high frequency small lot deliveries. It has been found that the supply chain of the company Lexus varies by region. The American logistics design of Lexus follows this pattern. It has dedicated, flexible and direct trucking system. As You et al. (2012) mentioned, In many markets, such as the U.S., the dealership network is a distinct organization from corporate headquarters, with separately owned and operated Lexus showrooms.By contrast, in Japan all 143 dealerships in the country are owned and operated by Lexus. Several markets have a designated, third partyregional distributor; for example, in the United Arab Emirates, sales operations are managed by Al-Futtaim Motors LLC, and in Costa Rica, Lexus vehicles are sold via regional distributor Purdy Motors S.A. Other officially sanctioned regional distributors have sold Lexus models prior to the launch of, or in absence of, a dedicated dealership network. A chart has been given below to describe assembly sites of Lexus. Toyota Production System According to the former Executive President of Toyota Taiichi Ono, The Toyota Production System (TPS) is a management concept based on the Just-in-Time system and jidokawhich can be loosely translated as automation with a human wisdom. Carlsson (2012) stated that, the development of TPS began during 1982. According to the founder Kiichiro Toyoda the best way to gather automotive parts is just in time. On the other hand, jidoka was developed form the pratices and enthusiasm of Sakichi Toyoda for automatic loom development. These two processes are combined by Taiichi Ono to develop TPS. At the end of 80s the TPS was adopted by various culture along with globalization of Toyota. Cichocki et al. (2012) stated, During this period of time various innovations being introduced to address long local parts procurement times. It continues to address new issues in the form of Toyota way. Presently the company has introduced some new features in the TPS. Their aim is to provide customers the best quality cars at lowest possible price. They also try to provide employees high level of job satisfaction. The main objective is to increase profitability with the help of cost reduction approach. Monden (2012) mentioned, Kaizen is the heart of the Toyota Production System. Kaizen means Continuous Improvement. It helps the company to ensure eliminate waste, maximum quality and enhance efficiency. Monden (2012) also stated, The day-to-day improvements that Members and their Team Leaders make to their working practices and equipment are known as kaizen. In addition, just-in-time manufacturing process is applied by the natural laws of demand and supply. Lexus needs to take lesson from Toyota and apply Kaizen (continuous improvement) and Just-in-time to improve its production system. Mass Customization Lexus needs to implement the universally accepted approach of production Just-in-Time. As Shimokawa et al. (2012) mentioned that this manufacturing process allows the entire production system to operate according to the natural law of supply and demand. It has been found that demand of consumers can stimulate vehicle production. In addition, production of car can stimulate the production and delivery of other parts. Lexus needs to understand that the ultimate arbiter in JIT approach is the customers. The implementation of JIT approach can help Lexus production system to be pulled by the customers demand rather than pushed by the capabilities or needs of production itself. It will help to improve the production efficiency of Lexus. Dai et al. (2012) mentioned that, Just-in-time manufacturing can dissolve inventories at parts suppliers just as readily and effectively as it does at Toyota's assembly plants. It will also help to improve Product quality of any organization. The company needs to apply Jidoka in its operating procedure. In Japanse Jidoka means automation. It means Lexus should develop cars with little human touch. The company should apply the principle originated by Henry Ford. They have to break down all complex tasks into simple steps and then all these steps need to be distributed among employees. The employees have to provide the opportunity to make improvements and implement them into the operation procedure. Lexus also can adopt Toyota Production System as it can help to improve relation between employees and management. Monden (2012) stated that, TPS can help to bring management and employee together in order to improve working condition quality and productivity. Manufacturing Simulation Software Lexus can implement manufacturing simulation software such as SIMUL8 to develop powerful simulation within 2 days or less. It runs 10 times faster than other simulation software. It can help to take appropriate decisions in day-to-day what-if scenarios for continuous improvement. It can help to improve throughput/jobs per hour, system cycle time, operator utilization and staffing requirements. It can reduce Current Delays, Storage Needs and Travel Times for a company. It is compatible with other software packages that can help to develop the simulation. They are such as AutoCAD, Visio, Minitab, ERP Systems, xml and VBA. It can be connected with any data set such as Excel, Access, Oracle, Sybase. There is another manufacturing simulation software named as SIMIO is used by various industries that includes metal and plastics, automobile, consumer packaged goods. As Davis et al. (2012) stated that implementation of SIMIO can improve process by implementing lean manufacturing and six sigma. This simulation software can help to combine production facility that reduced production cost. Nee et al. (2012) mentioned, This Simulation provides an inexpensive, risk-free way to test changes ranging from a "simple" revision to an existing production line to emulation of a new control system or redesign of an entire supply chain. Implementation of SIMIO can help Lexus to determine the absence of important data. It can help to explore alternative solution for the company. Bhasin (2012) stated that Development of a simulation helps participants better understand the system. Modern 3D animation and other tools promote communication and understanding across a wide audience. Lean Manufacturing According to Vinodh Joy (2012), Lean manufacturing is defined as a systematic approach to identifying and eliminating waste through continuous improvement, flowing the product at the pull of the customer in pursuit of perfection. It is a performance-based process that can be utilized in automobile company like Lotus to improve competitive advantage. Bhasin (2012) mentioned that there are five major principles of lean manufacturing that can guide the action of management toward success. They are mentioned below in a table: Value It will help a company to understand the factors for which customers are willing to pay. Stream of value Helps to recognize and eliminate all non-value activities within an organization. Flow Helps to remove all the obstacles and improve the stream flow. Pull Helps to streamline process and products from concept through customer usage Perfection With the help of continuous improvement efforts lean management system provides the ability to do things right at the first time. Four major thrusts that Lexus can get by lean management system are like enhanced leadership style, development of team based cultures, enhanced communication channel and effort for continuous improvement (Vinodh Joy, 2012). However, lean manufacturing system has some issues related with it as well. Bhasin (2012) argued that, Many of the companies that report initial gains from lean implementation often find that improvements remain localized, and the companies are unable to have continuous improvements going on. One of the reasons, we believe, is that many companies or individual managers who adopted lean approach have incomplete understanding and, as a result, could not be able to gain all the benefits as Toyota enjoys. Reference List Bhasin, S. (2012). An appropriate change strategy for lean success.Management Decision,50(3), 439-458. Carlsson, B. (Ed.). (2012).Technological systems and economic performance: the case of factory automation(Vol. 5). Springer Science Business Media. Cichocki, A., Ansari, H. A., Rusinkiewicz, M., Woelk, D. (2012).Workflow and process automation: concepts and technology(Vol. 432). Springer Science Business Media. Dai, Q., Zhong, R., Huang, G. Q., Qu, T., Zhang, T., Luo, T. Y. (2012). Radio frequency identification-enabled real-time manufacturing execution system: a case study in an automotive part manufacturer.International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing,25(1), 51-65. Davis, J., Edgar, T., Porter, J., Bernaden, J., Sarli, M. (2012). Smart manufacturing, manufacturing intelligence and demand-dynamic performance.Computers Chemical Engineering,47, 145-156. Monden, Y. (2012).Toyota production system: an integrated approach to just-in-time. CRC Press. Nee, A. Y. C., Ong, S. K., Chryssolouris, G., Mourtzis, D. (2012). Augmented reality applications in design and manufacturing.CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,61(2), 657-679. Shimokawa, K., Jrgens, U., Fujimoto, T. (Eds.). (2012).Transforming automobile assembly: experience in automation and work organization. Springer Science Business Media. Vinodh, S., Joy, D. (2012). Structural equation modelling of lean manufacturing practices.International Journal of Production Research,50(6), 1598-1607. You, Y., Liu, D., Yu, W., Chen, F., Pan, F. (2012). Technology and its trends of active distribution network.Dianli Xitong Zidonghua(Automation of Electric Power Systems),36(18), 10-16.

Landlords Of The Ocean Essays - Megafauna, Ziphiids, Biota

Landlords Of The Ocean Have you ever thought about the landlords of the oceans? There is a saying: "Big fish eats the smaller ones." The most powerful and deadly animals who taste the freedom of the sea world are whales. So many kinds of whales exist. One of the most interesting kinds is the bottle-nosed whale. It is no wonder why they are given this name. Their bulbous forehead and elongated snout give them a unique character. Besides these unique physical characteristics, they have other special qualities as well including their rarity and their enormous size. Northern species and southern species are the two types of bottle-nosed whales that are categorized by the difference in their size, living habitats and mating seasons. Starting from the physical appearance, the first distinction is the difference in size between northern bottle-nosed whale and southern bottle-nosed whale. The northern bottle-nosed whales have a longer body compared to the southern ones. Their bodies reach to a maximum length of 32ft and average 7.5 metric tons of weight. On the other hand, the southern species grow to a maximum of 25ft in length and average of 7 metric tons. The second obvious distinction is the difference in their color. Northern species are gray with a lighter underside and a pale band around the neck. The color of southern species varies more; they have blue-black, gray, brown or yellow bodies and light-colored snouts and undersides. However, they share a common treat, males have two conical teeth in the lower jaw and females have no teeth. In short, the size, color and the shape of bottle-nosed whales vary according to where they are found. The second quality is their living habitats. Both of the species usually inhabit cold waters deeper than 3000ft. They are most often observed in deep trenches or canyons in the sea floor. Northern bottle-nosed whales live in the North Atlantic. Significant populations are found in a vast undersea canyon near Sable Island, Nova Scotia, and north and west of Scotland near the Shetland Islands, the Orkney Islands, and the Outer Hebrides Islands. Southern bottle-nosed whales range throughout the Southern Hemisphere from Antarctica north to the equator. In winter, they are sighted occasionally off the coasts of the Hawaiian Islands and Japan, as well as in the Pacific and Indian oceans. The third quality is their mating. Both southern and northern species' mating takes place during the spring. After a gestational period of about 11 months, female bottle-nosed whales deliver a single baby and then nurse it for nearly a year. They give birth every two or three years. The final quality is their rarity. Some people, such as the natives of Denmark's Faroe Islands, have traditionally hunted the northern bottle-nosed whale for its meat and the medicinal properties of its blubber. Unfortunately, these whales were extensively hunted by commercial whalers through the early 1900's, with commercial hunting continuing until the species was granted protected status in 1977. Southern bottle-nosed whales, in contrast, have never been hunted on a major scale. Consequently, all the scientific classifications that are stated above about the bottle-nosed whales are for the human beings to know them better. We, human beings, are so overwhelmed by their beauty that we need to explore and explain their environment and put them under titles like Hyperoodon ampullatus (northern bottle-nosed whale) and Hyperoodon planifrons (southern bottle-nosed whales). Science can name them, but the goal of discovering the mystery behind the landlords of the ocean is unreachable.

Research Paper on India

Research Paper on India Among the most popular topic assignments to do a research paper on, is India. This country has a very massive history period, with significant events and colorful culture. The culture of India is a lot different from the culture we used to see outside of our homes. This is exactly why a lot of professors want their students do write a research paper on India, its culture, its traditions, and its history. Professors want their students to find something new about India, to prove that they have spent a lot of time on the research process, and of course, they want the students to develop their writing skills in the research paper on India. When starting to write a research paper on India, you need to start from thinking. You need to come up with things you are interested in about India, what you would like to include in the text on India, and what do people know about India. The basic error of people, who write research papers on India, is that they include a lot of generally known information. You must understand that if you want to get the best possible grade for your research paper on India – you need to be creative and original. No one want to read where India is located, and about their climate, etc. Readers rather would be pleased to find something they did not know, or they would not easily find, or they would not know that is interesting to know. If you even put maximum of your efforts and spend a lot of time on the India research paper – you still will not be able to cover every aspect of India, such as language, culture, history, geography, famous people, traditions, customer, economics, etc. You need to concentrate on something specific, and try to cover 100% of it. If you are stuck with your research paper on India, and you are seeking help and professional research writing assistance – try CustomWritings.com. We have a lot of experts in this field, and your paper can be written by a professional native English or American Writer expert on India, or we can assign a person from India, to expose everything from the inside, but with great knowledge of the English language as well as outstanding writing skills. Here is a list of the most popular research paper topics on India: India Foreign Relations Indian Independence India-Pakistan cold war Mutual funds in India India political analysis Culture of India Freedom of indian economy Indian Economy India: Food Availability and Selection The Indian History Indian pharmaceutical industry Social Movements in Modern India China and India imperialism Indian Caste System Religious INfluence in India Prevention of Cyber Crimes: Legal Strategies in india Role of Women in Contemporary India IPO Scam in India Southern Railway (Indian Railway) Disinvestment in India is going forward The role of India in modern society The Indian earthquake Indian Cuisine Strengths and Weaknesses of the Indian constitution

How to Format a Book 7 Money-Sucking Book Format Mistakes to Avoid

How to Format a Book 7 Money-Sucking Book Format Mistakes to Avoid How to Format a Book: 7 Money-Sucking Book Format Mistakes to Avoid Self-publishinghas changed everything.Before, you were at the mercy of your publisher on how your book format looked, but today, you have control over this entire process.In fact, you have the final say over everything in your finished manuscript is displayed. Therefore, knowing the proper book format you need is crucial. And with great power comes great responsibility.If youre not careful, you may end up with a sloppy and messy manuscript that an editor will refuse to work on until you tidy it up.Or worse, your audience will slam your book with negative reviews because you published it riddled with errors.An unprofessionallooking book will not only distract readers, it will harm your brand and label you as an amateur, affecting the sales of future books as wellas your current one.Your completed self-published book should convey professionalism in all aspects including with its book format.7 Money-Sucking Book Format MistakesThere are over a hundred things that can go wrong with you r book formatting, and if we wrote about all of them youd be reading from sun-up till sun-down. But fear not!From our experience, most authors make the same mistakes when with their book format.In this article, you’re going to learn what the most common book formatting errors and how to avoid them. By avoiding these mistakes, not only will you have a professional looking manuscript, but youll make the process of designing your book to publish on Amazons Kindle or in print via CreateSpace a lot easier.If you have a completed manuscript with botched book formatting on your hands, this article will teach you how to fix it using Microsoft Word.(A quick note: its possible to do many of the fixes in Google Docs, however, Word has a more comprehensive set of features, so its better to use that when formatting your complete manuscript.)NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process in our VIP Self-Publishing Program. Lea rn more about it here#1 Avoid Hard Indents in Your Book FormatA hard indent is when paragraph indentations are created by manual use of the keyboard’s Tab key.Many of us learned how to type using the Tab key to create an indent at the start of each paragraph, so this can be a tough habit to break.When it comes to book formatting, use of the Tab key is a no-no, because it results in an indent that’s far larger than you need.With fiction book formatting, you want to have just a small indent at the start of each paragraph. If your book is non-fiction, generally speaking, you want to use block paragraphs rather than indents, unless your book is a memoir or historical fiction. (More on that in tip #2.) If your book is fiction, you may be wondering how to create paragraphs without the Tab key. The fix is simple: In MS Word, set the Paragraph settings to automatically create indentations for the first line in each paragraph.This simple auto fix will make creating your book fo rmat way easier. In Word 2016, on both Mac Windows, to get to Paragraph settings, click the Paragraphdialog box launcher on the Homeor Layouttab. Then on the Indents and Spacingtab, go to the box under Special and click on First line. You can change the size of the indent using the box to the right. If you’re wondering how big to make your indents, my advice is to pull your favorite book off the shelf, open it up, and take a peek. How big are the paragraph indents?Experiment with making yours larger or smaller, printing out the page, and comparing them to the book in your hand.But what if your 535-page tome has already been drafted, using the dreaded Tab key for each and every paragraph? No need to set fire to your laptop!Here’s what to do to clean it up:Use Find and Replace (Ctrl+H or Control+H or here’s how to find it in Word 2016 on Macand on Windows.)Enter ^t in the Find (This will help you find every â€Å"Tab† in the document.)Leave the Replace fi eld blank.Hit Replace All.Going forward, set your Paragraph settings so that you don’t have to remove hard indents again. Presto!You now have a much prettier, easier-to-convert document through the magic of technology that will make your book format much more professional-looking.#2 Indentation vs. Block ParagraphsWorks of non-fiction today typically don’t use indentation, except for some notable exceptions we will discuss momentarily. Rather, a popular book format for modern non-fiction is the block paragraph.What’s a block paragraph? A block paragraph doesn’t have indentation on the opening line, but instead uses a horizontal line of white space beneath each paragraph. This helps to delineate the separation between paragraphs. For instance, I used block paragraphs in my latest bookPublished., which looks like this:The reasoning behind whether you should use indentation vs. block paragraphs is this: in works where one thought should flow smoothly into t he next, such as in a novel, paragraph indentations are used with no line spacing between paragraphs.But in books where complicated information is being consumed, having a single line space between paragraphs aids the brain in processing one piece of information before moving on to the next.Here is an example from a fiction novel, The Saviors Champion by full-time, self-published author Jenna Moreci of what it looks like to use indents instead of block paragraphs:An exception to the block paragraph for non-fiction/indents for fiction guideline:non-fiction narratives,such as a memoiror historical fiction, should use the same indent style described above in tip #1.In non-fiction works where some information should flow, and other sections require more brain power to comprehend, some authors decide to mix formatting types and use indentation where appropriate and block paragraphs where useful.But in general, to avoid confusing the reader and to make your book look uniform, clean, and a s if you didn’t make a book formatting error, it’s best to choose one style or the other and stick with it throughout your book.However, if you insist on getting crazy and mixing it up, knowing how andwhen to use block paragraphsversus when to indent results in a more professional manuscript.#3 Avoid Double Spaces After PeriodsHere’s the truth: Two spaces after a period iswrong. Period. (Ha!) Just as with the good old-fashioned Tab key indent, two spaces after a period may have been the norm back when you were learning to type.This is because, with typewriters, characters were all the same width, so the two-space rule allowed for greater readability. With modern computer fonts, the characters all fit closer together in a proportional fashion, thereby eradicating the need for that one additional space.Most major style guides- including theChicago Manual of Style, which is used by traditional publishers- now formally recognize the more modern single-space rule.Fr om an aesthetics angle, one space looks neater, which your readers’ eyes will appreciate. Before you convert your manuscript, change all double spaces to single spaces. The result will be a better formatted, stylistically correct book.You’re going to use that super handy â€Å"Find and Replace† function again:Enter two spaces in the Find (This will help you find every double space in the document.)Enter a single space into the Replace field.Hit Replace All.Voila! Like magic.#4 Be Cautious with HyphensImproper hyphenation is a common error that may be harder to stay on top of because the rules of hyphenation differ depending on the grammatical situation.So when it comes to your book format, youll have to do some research.Generally, keep these three rules in mind while you write so youll have to do less work when its time for book formatting:Two or more words that, together, function as an adjective are joined with a hyphen. For example, dark-pink skirt or two-wa y street.Two words or more that form a number are joined with a hyphen. For example, twenty-one.Compound words, which are two words that are joined together to make a single word, donotrequire a hyphen. For example, toothbrush or starfish.Two or more separate words that are used as a single word or idea. For example, action-grabbing, top-notch, or larger-than-life.When in doubt, look it up! For a more detailed treatment of the hyphen, here is an important source to consider:Elements of Style.#5 Know When to Use Quotes vs. an ApostropheFew things scream â€Å"new writer† like a book formatted with punctuation errors. You want to make sure you’re usingquotes and apostrophescorrectly so you don’t lose credibility with your readers.When to use quotes in your book format:When you’re quoting someone, use quotes! This means either a person is speaking- like in fiction- or you are borrowing material verbatim from another source, like in non-fiction.Use of quotes is rarely needed for common expressions.Ironic terms can be set off in quotes.Overuse of quotes can get annoying, so be judicious in their application.When to use apostrophes:Use an apostrophe for possessive form (except the word its.) For example: The cat’s toys are blue.Use an apostrophe for contractions, such as it is. For example: The cat’s playing with its toys. It’s a happy cat.Avoid using an apostrophe for plural forms. For example: Five cats ran past her.Again, the rules can be complicated, such as when to use an apostrophe when dealing with an acronym, so when in doubt,look it up.#6 Be Careful When Using the Enter KeyThere are many times in your book youll want to go to a new page or to create a blank page.This is simple right? Hit enter a few times, and presto, youve got a new page.Wrong.Using paragraph breaks, or hitting enter to create a new page can createmanyproblems when it comes to getting your manuscript ready to publish.For instance, you or y our book designer will need to change your page size or page setup according to the book size and style youve chosen. Using paragraph breaks will create extra space where none is needed and will change the page layouts of your book, making your book look ugly.If youre wondering why after you change your paper size, your chapter headings are no longer at the top of the page, but halfway down, it was because of your liberal use of paragraph breaks.Instead, use the page break function. This instantly creates a new page, and it remains a new page even when youve changed the page size, page layout, or added more content above. On Microsoft Word, this can be done by pressing Ctrl+Enter (Windows) or Cmd+Enter (Mac).You can also find it in the ribbon in Word. Google Docs also has this feature. In Word 2016 go to Insert Page Break In Google Docs go to Insert Break Page Break#7 Use the Styles Feature Instead of Formatting YourselfStop formatting your chapter titles yourself. Many writers indicate a title or subtitle by simply changing the font size and changing the font from the default font (ah,Times New Roman, how we miss you) and thinking their job is done.This makes navigating and formatting your book a pain.What you want to do is use MSWords Styles feature. Google Docs also has this feature. In Word 2016, you can find the Styles section under the Home tab on both Mac Windows.In Google Docs the styles section can be found by clicking the box between the zoom level and the font type.When creating a new chapter, highlight the chapter heading, and then make it a header by applying the relevant style. If its the main heading make it Heading 1, if its a subtitle make it Heading 2, etc.This has the added benefit of allowing you to easily automatically create a table of contents page, or to navigate through your 30,000-word manuscript with Words navigation pane, while also making your book format look professional.You Need a Proper Book FormatWithout question you want your book to stand out because of its invaluable content, stunning tone of voice, and laser targeted towards your audience.However, don’t let your book formatting or grammatical errors get in the way of your book’s success. If youve written your book, and are ready to get it published, follow the guide you just read to make sure your manuscript isnt full of errors.For tips on how to format your book for Kindle, its best to follow Amazons comprehensive guideon the matter. It will help you design your title page on a different first page, your copyright page, trimming to the correct paper size, and the million other things you need to do to get your book ready for print.Your Next StepsThirty years ago, it would have been impossible to publish a book yourself. Today you have all the tools you need to produce a flawless manuscript.Take the time to review your book- and hire an editorand a book designer- to make sure your book formatting is perfectly professional.If youre ready to polish your book format and move on in the publishing process, heres what you can do next.#1 Join your free training!Its not enough to put together a pretty book. You also have to know what to do once youre done and how to go about making itsell! Thats where we come in.

Culture and Organisations of Daimler Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Culture and Organisations of Daimler - Essay Example Two German automobile manufacturers Benz & Co. and Daimler Motor Company merged together in 1926 and named the new company Daimler-Benz. Its Mercedes cars were arguably the best example of German quality and engineering. Another merger came in 1998 when Daimler-Benz and U.S. based Chrysler Corporation, two leading global car manufacturers, agreed to combine their businesses which was then perceived to be a ‘merger of equals’ (Casestudy, 2008). This merger was supposed to be the third in the world in terms of revenues, market capitalization and earnings, ranking after GM and Ford. It was also considered to be fifth in terms of the number of passenger cars and trucks sold, ranking GM, Ford, Toyota and Volkswagen. However, within two years of the Daimler-Chrysler merger, the company suffered third quarter losses of more than half a billion dollars and in 2001 they slashed about 26000 jobs at its ailing Chrysler division. What was described as ‘marriage made in heavenà ¢â‚¬â„¢ in 1998, the Daimler-Chrysler merger proved to be a costly mistake for both the companies. In early 2007, Daimler was forced to sell 80 percent of Chrysler to private equity firm Cerberus Capital Management LLC which ended a nine-year merger. Critics believe that though strategically the merger made good business sense, the two organizations had contrasting culture and management styles that hindered the synergy. Organizations are no more constrained by national borders and partnerships are driven by the need to achieve economies of scale. The expected synergies fail because the cultural fit is ignored. Globalization may have brought companies and nations closer but the difference in organizational culture is perceivable. Culture has been recognized as a strong determinant of beliefs, attitudes and behavior. Research suggests that decision-makers give disproportionate attention to strategic fit as compared to integration

Research Methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

Research Methods - Essay Example With respect to Heffernan et al, â€Å"Self-Compassion and Emotional Intelligence in Nurse†, fathoming the emotions of patients that are cared for by the nurses is a key in health care delivery (Horsburgh & Ross 2013, p. 1126). The sufferings and variations of emotions of patients is a principle to fuel and facilitate care delivery (Czaja & Blair 1996, p. 69). In this essay I will showcase how significant sampling is to the achievement of valid and representative findings to a particular study. To validate the reason for settling to compare and contrast the sampling, the researcher explains the purpose of sampling: Sampling provides a range of statistical information of a qualitative research (as per this context) about the whole population by evaluating a few units selected. Sampling method is thus the scientific mechanism of choosing the sampling entries which provides the necessary estimates with associated margins of uncertainty resulting from evaluating only a portion and not a whole. To further amplifies the reason for selecting sampling, a population will always be big and hence it becomes difficult both in terms of time and cost, data analysis as well as its communication to stakeholders, sampling thus becomes valid to help represents population based on few selected units (participants) This therefore means that a flawed sample will lead to non-representation or biasness in participant’s selection. It is therefore, fundamental to critically and carefully en sure a clear representation of the population under study based on the effectiveness of sampling method employed. The issue to be dealt with respect to the same will be sample size, advantage and disadvantage of sample and types of sample used. It is noted that the two qualitative researches have employed the non-probability sampling (Convenience-IJNP and Purposive-JNC)

Philosophy Meaning Essay Example for Free

Philosophy Meaning Essay PHILOSOPHY greek meaning â€Å"love of wisdom†, encompassed the love of all wisdom, but only in recent centuries came to refer to a special branch of enquiry, separate from other sciences, such as â€Å"natural philosophy†. * is universally defined as â€Å"the study of the wisdom or knowledge about the general problems, facts, and situations connected with human existence, values, reasons, and general reality. † It seeks reasons, answers, and general explanations to life and its factors. Thus, if we talk about philosophy, we talk about a school of thoughts. â€Å"philosophers† which makes a profession of studying things in their separation from human life and practice. The main branches of Philosophy are Logic, Epistemology, Metaphysics and Ethics. Western philosophy is referred to as the school of thought from Greek philosophy that influenced the greater part of Western civilization. * takes its roots from Rome and Christianity, specifically Judeo-Christianity. * Latin * Rational, Scientific, Logical schools. Western civilization is more individualistic, trying to find the meaning of life here and now with self at the center as it is already given and part of the divine. Eastern philosophy is based mainly in Asia, more specifically the Chinese philosophy. * Confucianism, Mahayana Buddhism, and Taoism. Chinese. Hinduism, Integral Yoga, Islam, Zen * Relationship with religion; Integration Search for absolute truth: * Systemic approach – all events in the universe are interconnected * Searching inside yourself – by becoming a part of the universe through meditation and right living. Eastern philosophy is drawn much more into groups or society or people’s actions and thoughts as one in order to find meaning in life as they try to get rid of the false â€Å"me† concept and find meaning in discovering the true â€Å"me† in relation to everything around them, or as part of a bigger scheme. Summary: * Western philosophy is mainly used in the Western parts of the world, such as in the European countries, while the Eastern philosophy is prevalent in Asian countries. * Both philosophies center on virtues. * West’s Individualism ( and the East’s Collectivism (A human being is an integral part of the universe and the society. People are fundamentally connected. Duty towards all others is a very important matter. Collectivism is stronger. ) * Eastern philosophy takes more of a spiritual approach while Western philosophy is more hands-on. The Ionian Philosophers * comes from Aristotle; first source to attempt systematic exposition of their doctrines. Thales * Prediction of the eclipse, and other astronomical activities. * Prediction of solstices * Mathematical discoveries (geometry ) * Cosmology * Natural phenomena including the heavens could be discussed as processes governed by natural laws. * Believed that the Earth was a large (? at) disk ? oating on an in? nite ocean of water, and that earthquakes resulted from disturbances in this ocean that shook and cracked the Earth. * concept of â€Å"unity underlying diversity† some fundamental principles tying together all the multitude of things we see on Earth * water was the fundamental element from which all things were derived. Anaximander * Zoogony and anthropogony * thought the Universe formed out of an in? nite chaos he called the â€Å"boundless† due to a â€Å"separating out† of opposites (such as hot and cold, wet and dry). * ? rst recorded attempt to model the Universe. (the Earth was a cylinder and that the Sun, Moon and stars were all located on concentric cylinders, or hoops, rotating about the Earth. ) Anaximenes * one ruling material principle is air; imperceptible. * Air was the fundamental material of all things. * ? rst attempt to explain the diversity of the world with qualitative differences in terms of quantitative differences. Babylonians and Egyptians were excellent at mathematics. Greeks began to move away from their mythical view of the world and started to seek explanations of natural phenomena; later called science. * All questioned the origin of the Universe, what was here in the beginning, and what things are made from. They all believed that material substance (rather than some spiritual or supernatural substance; thus the name materialists) made up the Universe. In other words, matter is the only substance, and reality is identical with the actually occurring states of energy and matter. * physicalism. to distance oneself from what seems a historically important but no longer scientifically relevant thesis of materialism.

An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge Essay -- essays research papers

It is true that in all great literature. Clues which later seem obvious are often undetected until the story’s plot is resolved. The reader is unaware of the foreshadowing until the plot comes together. Ambrose Bierces " An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" and " A Horseman In The Sky" identify literary elements supporting this thought. In Ambrose Bierces " An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" two private soldiers of the Federal army were appointed by a sergeant to lynch Peyton Farquhar from a elderly suspended bridge because of his attempt to aid the Confederate forces. He was to be executed for aiding the confederate forces. He knew his death was at his fingertips and couldn’t help ponder its arrival. He looks at the river below observing the depth of the river. Early on in the story Ambrose portrays Peyton, from his perspective, seeing a shallow river. The fact that the river is shallow and will defiantly kill Peyton distracts the reader from the truth behind the mans observation. Peytonseeing the river shallow is foreshadowing the actual depth of the river. In fact the river is so deep that when the rope snaps it seems he falls endlessly in the water. The reader is eagerly awaiting the soon death of Peyton, then suddenly surprised while the river cushions his fall. Several other soldiers were relentlessly targeting the man at ... An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge Essay -- essays research papers It is true that in all great literature. Clues which later seem obvious are often undetected until the story’s plot is resolved. The reader is unaware of the foreshadowing until the plot comes together. Ambrose Bierces " An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" and " A Horseman In The Sky" identify literary elements supporting this thought. In Ambrose Bierces " An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" two private soldiers of the Federal army were appointed by a sergeant to lynch Peyton Farquhar from a elderly suspended bridge because of his attempt to aid the Confederate forces. He was to be executed for aiding the confederate forces. He knew his death was at his fingertips and couldn’t help ponder its arrival. He looks at the river below observing the depth of the river. Early on in the story Ambrose portrays Peyton, from his perspective, seeing a shallow river. The fact that the river is shallow and will defiantly kill Peyton distracts the reader from the truth behind the mans observation. Peytonseeing the river shallow is foreshadowing the actual depth of the river. In fact the river is so deep that when the rope snaps it seems he falls endlessly in the water. The reader is eagerly awaiting the soon death of Peyton, then suddenly surprised while the river cushions his fall. Several other soldiers were relentlessly targeting the man at ...

Global Business Strategies Essay

Course Description The manager’s perspective in the fields of international payments, international trade, and investment are analyzed. Emphasis is given to the materials and concepts that illuminate the strategies, structure, practices, and effects of multinational enterprises. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Hill, C. W. (2009). International business. Competing in the global marketplace (7th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Contemporary Global Business Environment Details Due Points Objectives 1.1 Define globalization. 1.2 List the major drivers of globalization. 1.3 Explain some effects of globalization. 1.4 Compare and contrast the role of economic integration in promoting global business. 1.5 Relate the stage of economic development of an economically integrated region to potential business opportunities. Readings Read Ch. 1 of International Business. Read Ch. 2 of International Business. Read Ch. 3 of International Business. Read Ch. 5 of International Business. Review this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Read the Week One Read Me First. Participation Participate in class discussion. 1 Individual Week One Quiz Post week one quiz. 1 Individual Globalization Questionnaire Prepare a comprehensive response to the following questions in 350 words. What is globalization, and what are some of the traditional international trade theories that support the concept of globalization? List the major drivers of globalization and provide three examples of each. Explain at least four effects of globalization that affect your community and your organization. 10 Week Two: Global Business Strategy Formulation Details Due Points Objectives 2 2.1 Conduct a business risk analysis. 2.2 Choose an appropriate mode of entry for global products or services. Readings Read Ch. 6 of International Business. Read Ch. 7 of International Business. Read Ch. 8 of International Business. Review this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Read the Week Two Read Me First. Participation Participate in class discussion. 1 Individual Week Two Quiz Post week two quiz. 1 Learning Team Instructions Select a country and product to focus your cumulative Global Business Plan Learning Team project. The deliverables for the project include the following Learning Team assignments: Week Two: Comprehensive Analysis Outline and Presentation Week Three: Country Risk and Strategic Planning Analysis Paper Week Five: Final Global Business Plan and Presentation Individual Regional Integration for and Against Articles Select a region approved by your instructor and choose a trading bloc (NAFTA, EU, ASEAN, etc.) within that region. Write two 350- to 500-word articles, one article in favor of regional integration and another article against regional integration. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of regional integration and relate the stage of economic development of the economically integrated region to resumecustomerservice@livecareer.com potential business opportunities. 10 Learning Team Comprehensive Analysis Outline and Presentation Select a product and a country for a global business venture. Conduct a regional, country, and product analyses for your new global venture. Prepare a 1,050- to 1,400-word outline and a 5- to 7-slide summary presentation illustrating the following: Region Analysis Regional alliances and economic integration Physical environment and its affect on trade Political stability Economic conditions Finance options available Social, health, and environmental conditions Terrorism threats Country Analysis Political stability Economic conditions Finance options available Physical environment and its affect on trade Social, health, and environmental conditions Cultural considerations Organization and product or service analysis Description of your organization Product needs assessment of the target country Description of product to meet the need Format your written paper consistent with APA guidelines. 5 Week Three: Strategic Implementation: Global Business Operations Details Due Points Objectives 3 3.1 Describe the legal, cultural, and ethical challenges that confront global businesses. 3.2 Determine the various roles that host governments play in global business operations. Readings Read Ch. 12 of International Business. Read Ch. 14 of International Business. Read Ch. 15 of International Business. Read Ch. 17 of International Business. Review this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Read the Week Three Read Me First. Participation Participate in class discussion. 1 Individual Week Three Quiz Post week three quiz. 1 Learning Team Country Risk and Strategic Planning Analysis Paper Prepare a 1,400- to 2,100-word paper in which you conduct a country risk analysis for your selected global business venture. Analyze the following risks in your paper: Political, legal, and regulatory risks Exchange and repatriation of funds risks Competitive risk assessment Taxation and double taxation risks Market risks (four Ps) Distribution and supply chain risks Physical and environmental challenges to entering and operating in a target market Social and cultural risks Cyber or technology Describe how you would manage these risks Summarize your strategic planning process: Define and clarify mission and objectives SWOTT analysis of target country Make strategy selection Select and justify an appropriate mode of entry for your global product or service Control and evaluation Devise contingency plan Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. 10 Week Four: Strategy Implementation: Finance and Marketing in Global Business Details Due Points Objectives 4 4.1 Analyze global financing and exchange rate mechanisms. 4.2 Identify multilateral and regional financial institutions that help foster global business. 4.3 Identify various methods of financing global operations. 4.4 Identify key foreign exchange risks and techniques to mitigate risk. 4.5 Conduct a global marketing analysis for a product or service. Readings Read Ch. 9 of International Business. Read Ch. 11 of International Business. Read Ch. 16 of International Business. Read Ch. 18 of International Business. Read Ch. 20 of International Business. Review this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Read the Week Four Read Me First. Participation Participate in class discussion. 1 Individual Week Four Quiz Post week four quiz. 1 Individual Case Study Select one of the following cases from the International Business Textbook: â€Å"Nike: The Sweatshop Debate† at the end of Part 2 â€Å"Google in China† at the end of Chapter 4  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Boeing versus Airbus: Two Decades of Trade Disputes† at the end of Part 3 (Video is not required to complete this case.) â€Å"The Russian Ruble Crisis and Its Aftermath† at the end of Part 4 â€Å"Molex† at the end of Part 6 â€Å"Merrill Lynch in Japan† at the end of Part 6 Write a 500- to 750-word paper in which you address the following topics: Describe the legal, cultural, and ethical challenges that confront the global business presented in your selected case study. Determine the various roles that host governments played in this particular global business operation. Summarize the strategic and operational challenges facing global managers illustrated in your selected case. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. 15 Week Five: Changing Environment of Global Business Details Due Points Objectives 5 5.1 Identify appropriate business strategies based on business risk analysis. 5.2 Determine appropriate exit strategies for a global organization. Readings Read Ch. 4 of International Business. Read Ch. 13 of International Business. Review this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Read the Week Five Read Me First. Participation Participate in class discussion. 1 Individual Week Five Quiz Post week five quiz. 1 Individual Global Financing and Exchange Rate Mechanisms Choose one of the following topics. Prepare a 1,050- to 1,750-word paper in which you analyze one of the following global financing and exchange rate topics: Purchasing power parity and the Big Mac index Currency hedging Hard and soft currencies Countertrade Financing via letters of credit and EXIM Bank and commercial banks Tariff and nontariff barriers Roles of international financial institutions (e.g. IMF, World Bank, ADB, etc.) Euro currency markets Define your selected topic. Explain how your topic is used in global financing operations and describe its importance in managing risks. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. 15 Individual Final Examination Prepare to take a final exam. 10 Learning Team Final Global Business Plan Paper and Presentation Prepare a 7,000- to 8,750-word paper integrating your previous Learning Team assignments to include the following new material: Summarize your findings from previous Learning Team assignments. Include the rationale for selecting your target country. Refer to your Learning Team Country Risk Analysis for highlights. Determine the marketing mix specific to your selected global product or service and explain your choice of marketing mix. Prepare a marketing plan that addresses product modification, pricing, promotional programs, distribution channels, and e-business in your chosen country. Include market indicators and trends for your product or service. Prepare a financial overview for your global venture. Include a chart that represents the general budget for your global venture. Explain how your company deals with foreign exchange risk for your global operation. Identify potential domestic and international sources of financing for your global venture. Include at least two possible financial institutions within your chosen region. Describe the degree to which your organization operates as a centralized versus decentralized organization. Include a chain of command chart to illustrate how communications would reach senior management from the field when events necessitate changes in tactics or strategy. What types of exit strategies would be most appropriate for your global venture? Some strategies to consider include divestiture of assets, handing over to a joint venture partner, diversification, shutting down operation, and contingencies for your global venture. Based on your findings, make final recommendations about the feasibility of this global venture. Would you recommend proceeding with this global venture? Explain why or why not. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. 15 Week One Quiz Questions What technological advances in telecommunications and transportation have influenced global business in the last decade? How have these technological advances affected regional economic development? What trends may be anticipated in these areas? Would globalization have been possible without these technological advances? Discuss how culture, language, and religion might influence the costs of doing business in a particular country. Support your statement with examples. Discuss the following theory: The study of global business is relevant if you work or plan to work in a large multinational company, but it has little or no significance for individuals who work in smaller national firms. Do you agree or disagree? Defend your argument with at least two supporting statements. Week Two Quiz Questions What is country risk analysis? How is this analysis conducted? Is country risk analysis an effective tool in determining the desirability of establishing a manufacturing site or other mode of entry? Define a trade deficit and a trade surplus. What are the implications of a long-term trade deficit or trade surplus? What techniques are available to correct balance of payment deficit or surplus? Does free trade equate to fair trade? Does free trade exist anywhere in the world? Respond to the questions and support your answers with examples. Week Three Quiz Questions What is the current status of the telecommunications, energy, and transportation infrastructures of the world’s fastest developing countries? What effect does importing advanced technology, such as wireless technologies, into a developing country have on that country’s telecommunications, energy, and transportation infrastructures? How do these changes in infrastructure and technology alter business productivity? What are some issues and trends in global sociocultural issues? Why must a company be sensitive to the sociocultural environment within the host country? What affect does sociocultural sensitivity have on a company’s operations or sales within a host country? What are the major staffing policies that global organizations must consider? How must an organization choose among these staffing policies? How do you assess the effect of implementing a specific staffing policy? What are the primary functions of the foreign-exchange market? Who are the participants in the market? How do global companies use the foreign-exchange market to hedge against foreign-exchange risks? Felix, a U.S. technology company has recently developed a revolutionary wireless phone. The product offers exciting new features along with all of the features of current products, but at a fraction of the manufacturing costs. As the international business manager of Felix, you have been asked to choose the best mode of entry into the European market. Your have the following options: Export your product from the United States. Enter into an alliance with a large European company. Manufacture the product in the United States and set up a wholly owned subsidiary in Europe. License a European firm to manufacture and market the phone in Europe. In preparation for your choice, list the pros and cons of each method of entry. Which choice do you present to your CEO? Support your decision. Can any product or service be marketed globally? If it sells in the United States, does it sell in another country? Explain why or why not. Can a product be marketed in the same manner in multiple countries? Defend your answer with examples. How might you relate the four Ps of marketing to customer relations management (CRM) in a global business environment? Week Four Quiz Questions What are the elements of capital budgeting? How do you determine these elements in the global business arena? Provide examples of how you would use capital budgeting analysis to determine the desirability of global projects. What are the international and regional institutions that comprise the global monetary and financial system? What role do these institutions play in  promoting global business operations? Under what conditions is it better to borrow funds from a domestic bank? When might it be necessary to borrow from a target country financial institution? Explain your answer. When would a firm choose to operate on a transnational basis? Under what circumstances would a firm use a localization strategy? When would an international strategy be employed? Support your answers with examples. Week Five Quiz Questions Describe one exit strategy an organization may use when things go wrong in a foreign country. What are some of the issues that might prompt the implementation of an exit strategy? Summarize the effect of an exit strategy on the strategic planning for a global organization? Name the factors that may contribute to the global business failure of an organization? How might a global organization protect itself against a global business failure? Are US ethical standards applicable worldwide? Explain your answer and provide examples. What are the consequences of failure to incorporate ethical considerations into global planning.

Mustang vs Camaro Essay

The Mustang and Camaro have been compared since the Camaro first came out in the late 1960’s. The Mustang was pretty much the only sports car that was also a muscle car. Well, of course Chevrolet had to compete with Ford so they came out with the Camaro. The release of the Mustang was followed closely by the release of the Camaro a few years later. There is no doubt about it that the team from Chevrolet had stolen a magnificent idea and plan. These two muscle cars began the path for a revolution in pony cars and racing. America fell in love with the Mustang and Camaro, which allowed Ford and Chevrolet to sell millions of them in just a few years. Ford has continuously been selling a large number of Mustangs ever since the beginning. Chevrolet had to stop their production of the Camaro. In 1961, the vice president and general manager of Ford, Lee Iacocca had a dream. He envisioned the Ford Mustang. It took several months to get approval for funding to go towards the Mustang through multiple discussions, meetings and market surveys. The funding was granted in 1962. The Mustang’s parts were mainly borrowed from the Falcon to help keep the costs of production low. The car offered a variety of options for the exterior, interior, etc. Buyers were able to choose if they wanted their mustang to be fast, fancy, economical or plain. Ford wanted the Mustang’s design to appeal to everyone and anyone. It was advertised as â€Å"the car to be designed by you†. The Camaro was based off of another Chevrolet car, the Nova. The Camaro had been designed to compete with Ford’s Mustang. Its code name was the Panther, before any information about the Camaro was ever leaked into the public. Chevrolet had wanted to keep their cars name’s beginning with the letter C. A few options for the Camaro had been Chevy II, Chevelle, Corvette, etc. Somehow they decided on Camaro, which a product manager of Chevrolet answered when asked what a Camaro is, he said â€Å"a small, vicious animal that eats Mustangs†. It was reported that General Motor researchers found in the French dictionary that Camaro was slang for friend or companion. Though is was rumored that the Ford Company had researched and discovered some other definitions to the word Camaro, such as â€Å"a shrimp-like creature† and an arcane for loose bowels. On March 9 of 1964, the first Mustang which was a white convertible with a v-8 engine came out of Dearborn Michigan. Then a month later the Ford Mustang came out in the world with its debut at the World’s Fair in Flushing Meadows, New York. The first Mustang that came out of the assembly line was in April of 1964. This first model of the Ford Mustang, which was the early 1965 or also known as the 1964  ½, was available as a convertible or coupe. It had a 170-cubic inch six cylinder engine with a three-speed floor shift transmission. A V8 engine was optional with a four-speed manual transmission or a three-speed automatic with a cruise transmission. The day of the grand opening for the Mustang over twenty two thousand were sold. Within its first twelve months, Ford sold close to four hundred seventeen thousand Mustangs. In eighteen months, roughly a million Mustangs had been sold. It was a huge hit with America. The first Camaro came out in September of 1966 but was the 1967 model, as it is referred to as. When it was first available there were hardly any extra or special options for the car. That changed within the next following years and so forth. The Camaro offered a V6 or V8 engine in convertible or coupe. When the 1969 Camaro models were introduced, the car had improved greatly. A new power option was a Z28 package which had formally been known as the RPO Z28 Camaro Special Performance Package. The Z28 was one of the first special options and it was originally designed to compete in the Sports Car Club of America, which is a racing club. There are four generations to the Chevrolet Camaro. The first generation was from 1967 to 1969. That model was offered in a coupe or convertible with the option of a 4.1 L, 4.9 L, 5.0L, 5.4L and a 5.7L in a V8 engine. The second generation was from 1970 to 1981. Chevrolet changed the styling to a wider and larger vehicle which produced a heavier Camaro. The third generation was from 1982 to 1992. They were the first model of Camaros that offered fuel injection. The fourth generation was from 1993 to 2002. It held onto the same basic characteristics as the original; a couple or convertible, rear-wheel drive and the choice of a V6 or V8 engine. For thirty five years Chevrolet had been producing the popular Camaro. Chevrolet claimed that they stopped production of the Camaro due to plant overcapacity, slowing sales, and fading market for sports coupes. Just recently in 2009, Chevrolet released the 2010 Camaro. We will see how they do this time around. The Ford Mustang currently has five generations. With each generation Ford made sure to improve the horse power. The first generation was from 1964  ½ to 1973. The second generation was from 1974 to 1978. It was originally based off of the Ford Maverick but instead they used the Ford Pinto in the end. Because of the way the economy was going at the time, Ford needed to build a smaller and more fuel-efficient Mustang. Not only did they need to do this to appeal to customers still but to also to capture people’s eye as the Energy Crisis erupted. The third generation was from 1979 to 1993. This generation model was based off of the ‘Fox’ platform. It had originally been created for the 1978 Ford Fairmont and Mercury Zephyr. The interior of the third generation was meant to be more comfortable even though the back seats were smaller. The trunk was larger though, as well as the engine bay. This allowed the car to be easier to work on and service. The body styles were coupes, at the time was also referred to as a notchback, and a hatchback. A convertible was not available until 1983. The fourth generation is from 1994 to 2004. This generation underwent the most drastic redesign in over fifteen years. It had been code named SS-95 by Ford. It was also a more recent and updated version of the Fox platform. This new styled generation took several styles from the earlier Mustangs. A new twist was that it was the first time since 1973 that a hatchback coupe was not available. The V6 was a 3.8 engine for the models of 1994 and 1995. Unfortunately, Ford stopped using the 5.0L V8 for the GTs. The 5.0L had been used for around 40 years, it was a drastic change. But the 5.0L was used last on the 1994 and 1995 models. The new GT engine would be a 4.6L. For the 1999 to 2004 models the Mustang had a new edge styling theme for the body. It included sharper contours, creases in the bodywork and even larger wheel arches. The chassis and interior design remained the same was the previous model. And last but most definitely not least is the fifth generation which is the current generation from 2005 to present. At the 2004 North American International Auto Show, a new Mustang was introduced. It had been codenamed S-197. This new generation closely resembled the fastback Mustangs from the late 1960s. This new model was called as â€Å"retro-futurism† by Ford’s senior vice president of design. The V6 now had a 4.0L engine instead of a 3.8L engine. A brand new option that was first available for the 2009 Mustangs was a glass sun roof. The 2010 Mustang was unveiled by Ford before the Los Angeles International Auto Show. The 2010 Mustang mainly held the same look as the previous year’s model but with a modified exterior. Ford was looking for a leaner and muscular appearance for their 2010 Mustang. For the first time ever the Mustang had a reverse camera system to help drivers while backing up. Though, this feature is not available on basic V6’s. The 2011 Mustang should be out around the spring of 2010 and it is a very anticipated model. It will closely resemble the 2010 model, with perhaps some slight changes to the rear. It is hard to find information on the upcoming 2011 Mustang. One thing is for sure though, Ford is bringing back the 5.0L engine for it which excites many. Still to this day the Ford Mustang is running strong. The Mustang has even more varieties, variations and options. There is no other vehicle out there that has as many options as the Mustang does. So many different types branch off of the â€Å"Mustang†. Several examples are: Cobra, Shelby, Super Snake, Saleen, Mach 1, Fastback, California Special, Bullit, High Country Special, Boss, etc. They are never ending. There are so many differences and similarities between these two famous and popular pony cars. There is even so much more that a person can compare and contrast about Mustangs and Camaros. Not only because of the years, numerous changes, and that it is – after all – a car, but also because they have had a heated and natural rivalry since the very beginning. Oddly enough, it was rather difficult to find a lot of information and details on the Camaro, especially compared to the Mustang. The Mustang had numerous of information that was able to be found. And, remember the Mustang started it all in 1964, and has not stopped since!

Valley of the Kings essays

Valley of the Kings essays For the Ancient Egyptians the west was the way to the kingdom where the death could enter. This place was for them the Valley of the Kings. It was the place where the royal people wanted to be. The Valley of the Kings is a wonderful world to be discovered. The Valley of the Kings was a burial place. It was used by Egyptian rulers of the New Kingdom period. It was where the kings were buried. The Egyptians buried the kings along with their most important things. The objects were jewelry, pots and lots of more The Valley of the Kings is located on the West bank of the Nile opposite to the northern town of Luxor. Although only a few kms. West of the River bank. High cliffs and a long narrow entrance hide the Valley of the Kings. It is south of Thebas. It now has ways of communication which it didnt have before. The mountain of Thebas, at the far end of the Valley forms a natural pyramid both in shape and in use. It contains sixty or more tombs. Many tombs had to be changed of place several times because they used to be robbed. Egyptians would change their places The Valley of the Kings also recieved in ancient times the name of the Place of the Truth and the Valley of the Kings Biban el-Muluk.The first tomb discovered was the one of Seti the 1st. The Italian discoverer G. B. Belzoni found it in 1817. It has a very complicated construction. It has a lot of stairs and galleries as well as pillars. In one there was a sarcophagus of the pharaos without the mummy. The last tomb discovered in 1922 was the one of Tutankhamon. Howard Carter found it on Nov. 4, 1922. Great amounts of treasures were found. There were so well hidden that thieves couldn't find them. It's not a luxory tomb. The sarcophagus is one of the prettiest. ...

A Review Of Recent Evidence

A Review Of Recent Evidence PROJECT MANAGEMENT EMERGED FROM DIFFERENT FIELDS OF APPLICATION INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION, ENGINEERING, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, AND DEFENSE AS A DISCIPLINE. THE 1950S MARKED THE BEGINNING OF THE MODERN PROJECT MANAGEMENT ERA. BEFORE 1950S, PROJECTS WERE MANAGED ON AN AD-HOC BASIS USING GANTT CHARTS, OR INFORMAL TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS. PROJECT MANAGEMENT IS THE DISCIPLINE OF PLANNING, ORGANIZING, SECURING AND MANAGING RESOURCES (I.E. MANAGEMENT) TO BRING ABOUT THE SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF SPECIFIC PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES. B: DISCUSS PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ELEMENTS ONCE PROJECT MANAGEMENT IS PUT IN PLACE ORGANIZATIONS GET THE NECESSARY TOOLS AND INFORMATION THAT ARE NEEDED TO COLLABORATE AND MANAGE THEIR WORKLOAD AS A TEAM. FOLLOWING ARE THE KEY ELEMENTS FOR BETTER PROJECT MANAGEMENT: 1. CLASSIFY -DEFINE THE TYPE OF WORK: IT HELPS EVERYONE UNDERSTAND WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE E.G. NEW FEATURE, ACTION ITEM, DEFECT ETC. 2. TARGET -TARGET SETS YOUR PROJECT ¿Ã‚ ½S MILESTONES. MEASURING PROGR ESS IS EASY WITH METRICS WHEN REMAINING TASKS AND ISSUES CAN BE RELATED BACK TO THE PLAN, KEEPING TEAM MEMBERS FOCUSED AND WORKING TOWARD A COMMON GOAL. 3. PRIORITIZE – EACH TEAM MEMBER SHOULD UNDERSTAND THE PRIORITY SYSTEM. 4. COLLABORATE -RIGHT TASKS BE ASSIGNED TO THE RIGHT PEOPLE. MAKE SURE THAT OWNERSHIP BE CLEAR AND REASONABLE. WORKLOAD HAS TO BE BALANCED AND FAIR AND IT SHOULD BE EASY FOR PEOPLE TO GET HELP IF NEEDED FROM OTHER TEAM MEMBERS. 5. CHECK STATUS -TASK STATUS SHOULD BE REGULARLY TRACKED. IT SHOULD BE EASY TO SEE WHAT IS COMPLETED, WHAT REMAINS TO BE COMPLETED, AND WHAT ISSUES EXIST. 6. TRACK COMPLIANCE – KEEP A COMPLETE HISTORY FOR EVERY TASK. IT HELPS YOU UNDERSTAND WHAT ISSUES REMAIN, HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR PLANS, UNDERSTAND AND CORRECT PROCESS ISSUES, AND COMPLY WITH APPROPRIATE INDUSTRY STANDARDS LIKE ISO9000 CERTIFICATION ETC. C: DISCUSS EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENTS INFLUENCING PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROJECT MANAGEMENT CAN BE AFFECTED BY THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS IN A BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT. THE EXTERNAL FORCES THAT AFFECT PROJECT MANAGEMENT INCLUDE SOCIOLOGICAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL. EXTERNAL FACTORS: 1. SOCIOLOGICAL: IT INCLUDES THE DEMOGRAPHIC STATUS, TRENDS, WORK ETHICS, PERSONAL VALUES, AND GENERAL CULTURES. THESE FACTORS INFLUENCE DIFFERENTLY ON HOW A PROJECT MANAGER ACCOMPLISHES ITS GOALS. THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT IN EACH COUNTRY IS UNIQUE AND AS THE BUSINESS BECOMES INTERNATIONAL, MANAGEMENT HAS TO UNDERSTAND THESE UNIQUE ENVIRONMENTS IN ORDER TO PLAN FOR THE FUTURE AND DESIGN PRODUCTS FOR A PARTICULAR GROUP OF PEOPLE. 2. ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL: IT INCLUDES THE ESSENTIAL FACTORS SUCH AS COMPETITORS, SUPPLIERS AND CUSTOMERS. PROJECT MANAGEMENT MUST STUDY THE ECONOMY AND POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT FOR A CONTINUAL AND DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIP. BY STUDYING THE COMPANIES, SUPPLIERS, COMPETITORS, CUSTOMERS AND CURRENT POLITICAL FACTORS, THE MANAGEMENT IS CAPABLE OF MAKING EFFECTIVE MANAGERIAL DECISI ONS. THUS THE PRODUCTS DESIGNED UNDER THIS POSSES PLACE, FORM AND TIME UTILITY TO SUCCEED IN THE MARKET PLACE. 3. TECHNOLOGY: TECHNOLOGY HAS THE MOST DRAMATIC EFFECT ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT AS ANY CHANGE IN THIS EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IS OFTEN QUICKLY FELT BY FIRM. AS THE MARKET CAN CHANGE OVERNIGHT THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT SHOULD BE IN A POSITION TO MAKE DECISIONS THAT WILL PUT THE COMPANY IN A FLEXIBLE POSITION TO ADAPT WITH THE TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES.

2-1-4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

2-1-4 - Essay Example Two major fiscal policy tools are government spending and taxation. Government, through its fiscal policy changes the composition of taxation in order to maintain sustainable growth of the economy. Taxation system is the main source of earning of any government. As a result it is very important to control the system in accordance to the requirement of the economy. Governments control the taxation system through its fiscal policy. Another tool is government spending. It is also important in the context of the economy of the country. Importance and applicability of government spending has become clearer during the period of current global financial meltdown when governments have spent millions of dollars to save their respective economies and important organizations who were in trouble. It is found that the budget deficit of United Kingdom in the period of 2008-09 was around 90 billion Euro. It is also found that the difference between the tax receipts and government spending was almost 12 billion euro (Seager, A. 22 April 2009). According to EU Business, budget deficit of Germany will be more than 4% of total GDP in 2010 (EU Business, 14 January 2009). According to European Union’s growth and stability pact, each and every EU members must maintain its public deficits lower than 3% of GDP. Member countries must also keep their public debt below 60% of total GDP. US fiscal policy is found to be very much aggressive as compared to the fiscal policies adopted by the EU members. According Timothy Geithner who is the Treasury Secretary of U.S., the country will see more aggressive fiscal policy in future (Reuters, Feb 3,

Foreign STEM Graduate Students Should Indeed Be Given Green Cards Essay

Foreign STEM Graduate Students Should Indeed Be Given Green Cards - Essay Example According to the article â€Å"Senators introduce immigration reform to increase STEM visas† the writer discusses a bill by a bipartisan group of senators, who want to modernize the STEM visa awarding system and increase the number of students awarded. They argue that legal migration is not only good for developing science and technology but it also creates employment making it good the economic growth in the long run (Cox). To illustrate this, the writer quotes, Rubio and Hatch who estimated that while over 120,000 jobs in computer engineering are created each year, less than 40,000 students graduate in the field in the same period. He argues that while it might seem unpatriotic to hire outsiders for the many jobs, it is the more logical choice since the vacancies are mostly in the private sector, as such; the choice is either America brings in engineers from outside or the firms will be forced to relocate abroad. He also claims that removing the cap on the number of STEM stu dents who can be given visas will encourage American students to apply for the program because they former will facilitate educational improvements. The points made herein are very practical and realistic, ultimately, restricting the entry of STEM students will force private firms to relocate in search of labor since the few in America will be insufficient and likely expensive. Secondly, the article by Rodney Adkin emphasizes the need for America to increase the number of STEM professionals, he decries the fact that only 5 per cent of the workers in America are employed in science and engineering. Ironically this field is responsible for around 50 % of the economy, the sites, Sequoia; a supercomputer developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, with an extraordinary computing power, and which is the work of STEM professionals. For America to make such progress in a larger scale, it critical that students are motivated to pursue the STEM subjects, this can be done by creating and maintaining enthusiasm for science among school children from an early age. Like the first article, the writer is convinced that America cannot be competitive on the global and even local market without an investment in STEM professionals, their methods of achieving an increase in STEM however differ. Adkins solutions include motivating children and ensuring that women and minority groups are encouraged to get into the programs, these solution albeit workable are long term and do not prove direct solutions in the near future. He does, however, mention that students from countries like China and Japan mostly study the STEM courses; this strengthens the assertion of the first article that we need to make use of foreign students by allowing them to live and work in the states. That way, with more professionals, the children Adkins wants to be inspired will have more mentors, and the foreign nationals will set the pace for Americas wishing to join the field in posterity.